1. General
  2. Hebbes CP, Thompson JP. Pharmacokinetics of anaesthetic drugs at extremes of body weight. BJA Educ. 2018;18(12):364-370. doi:10.1016/j.bjae.2018.09.001
  3. Ingrande J, Lemmens HJ. Dose adjustment of anaesthetics in the morbidly obese. Br J Anaesth. 2010;105 Suppl 1:i16-i23. doi:10.1093/bja/aeq312
  4. Walter E, Patel A. Variability in ideal body weight formulae. J Intensive Care Soc. 2023;24(3 Suppl):16-17. doi:10.1177/1751143720925983
  5. Airway
  6. DAS guidelines for awake tracheal intubation (ATI) in adults. Difficult Airway Society (2019).
  7. Regional
  8. El-Boghdadly K, Pawa A, Chin KJ. Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: current perspectives. Local Reg Anesth. 2018;11:35-44. Published 2018 Aug 8. doi:10.2147/LRA.S154512
  9. Bupivacaine hydrochloride in British National Formulary. Joint Formulary Committee (2024). Accessed: 19 April 2025.
  10. Bupivacaine 2.5 mg/ml Solution for Injection at Electronic Medicines Compendium. Baxter Healthcare Ltd. Accessed 19 April 2025.
  11. Ropivacaine hydrochloride in British National Formulary. Joint Formulary Committee (2024). Accessed: 19 April 2025.
  12. Ropivacaine 2 mg/ml solution for infusion at Electronic Medicines Compendium. Sandoz Limited. Accessed 19 April 2025.
  13. Lidocaine hydrochloride at British National Formulary. Joint Formulary Committee (2024). Accessed: 14 May 2025.
  14. Lidocaine Hydrochloride Injection BP 1% w/v at Electronic Medicines Compendium. hameln pharma ltd. Accessed: 14 May 2025.
  15. Lidocaine 1% with adrenaline (epinephrine) 1:200,000 solution for injection. Aspen. Accessed: 14 May 2025.
  16. Bungart B, Joudeh L, Fettiplace M. Local anesthetic dosing and toxicity of adult truncal catheters: a narrative review of published practice. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2024;49(3):209-222. Published 2024 Mar 4. doi:10.1136/rapm-2023-104667
  17. Nestor CC, Ng C, Sepulveda P, Irwin MG. Pharmacological and clinical implications of local anaesthetic mixtures: a narrative review. Anaesthesia. 2022;77(3):339-350. doi:10.1111/anae.15641
  18. French J, Sharp LM. Local anaesthetics. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2012;94(2):76-80. doi: 10.1308/003588412X13171221502185
  19. Dunlevy TM, O'Malley TP, Postma GN. Optimal concentration of epinephrine for vasoconstriction in neck surgery. Laryngoscope. 1996;106(11):1412-1414. doi:10.1097/00005537-199611000-00020
  20. Kim H, Hwang K, Yun SM, Kim DJ. Usage of Epinephrine Mixed With Lidocaine in Plastic Surgery. J Craniofac Surg. 2020;31(3):791-793. doi:10.1097/SCS.0000000000006156
  21. Critical Care
  22. Lemmens HJ, Bernstein DP, Brodsky JB. Estimating blood volume in obese and morbidly obese patients. Obes Surg. 2006;16(6):773-776. doi:10.1381/096089206777346673
  23. Obstetrics
  24. Kennedy H, Haynes SL, Shelton CL. Maternal body weight and estimated circulating blood volume: a review and practical nonlinear approach. Br J Anaesth. 2022;129(5):716-725. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2022.08.011
  25. Paediatrics
  26. M Samuels, S Wieteska, eds. Advanced Paediatric Life Support: The Practical Approach, 5th edn. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.
  27. Other
  28. Moppett IK, Parker M, Griffiths R, Bowers T, White SM, Moran CG. Nottingham Hip Fracture Score: longitudinal and multi-assessment. Br J Anaesth. 2012;109(4):546-550. doi:10.1093/bja/aes187
  29. Wiles MD, Moran CG, Sahota O, Moppett IK. Nottingham Hip Fracture Score as a predictor of one year mortality in patients undergoing surgical repair of fractured neck of femur. Br J Anaesth. 2011;106(4):501-504. doi:10.1093/bja/aeq405
  30. Bridion (Sugammadex) 100 mg/ml solution for injection at Electronic Medicines Compendium. Merck Sharp & Dohme (UK) Limited. Accessed 7 May 2025.

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